The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare has introduced new paradigms such as “personalized medicine” and “smart health.” Despite the opportunities offered by this technology, the lack of explicit and specialized rules governing emerging technologies has created new legal challenges for persons with disabilities, potentially deepening existing disparities and causing indirect discrimination. This study aims to examine the dual effects of AI on the right to health of persons with disabilities in light of international human rights principles, particularly the 2006 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), and to assess the adequacy of existing international and regional instruments. The research is fundamental-applied in terms of purpose and documentary, interpretive, and analytical in terms of methodology, based on library research. The findings indicate that AI, through natural language processing, computer vision, and telehealth, can reduce structural barriers and enhance accessibility and independence for persons with disabilities. However, the insufficient representation of their biological data in the design process may result in data bias and algorithmic discrimination, thereby threatening the privacy of sensitive health data. The study concludes that realizing the right to health requires revising legal rules, applying the principle of universal design, actively involving persons with disabilities in algorithm development, and preserving the physician’s ultimate human decision-making role.