International Criminal Law (ICL) and International Health Law (IHL) are two significant fields within international law, whose interaction can contribute to the protection of public health and the enforcement of global justice. This article explores the intersections and connections between these two domains, analyzing international crimes such as war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the use of biological and chemical weapons, and their detrimental effects on public health. Additionally, the challenges in the interaction between these fields, including the lack of strong enforcement mechanisms, conflicts between national sovereignty and international obligations, and limitations in cooperation between international health and judicial institutions, are examined. Finally, solutions to strengthen the collaboration between ICL and IHL are proposed, including the reform of international laws, the establishment of joint mechanisms, and the enhancement of international cooperation in education and capacity-building. Finally, solutions to strengthen the collaboration between ICL and IHL are proposed, including the reform of international laws, the establishment of joint mechanisms, and the enhancement of international cooperation in education and capacity-building.